Question 1

The Supreme Court ruled in 2012 that a mandatory life sentence without parole violates the 8th amendment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Roman civil law and canon law made distinctions between juveniles and adults based on the notion of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   criminal intent
B)   age of responsibility
C)   lex talionis
D)   parens patriaeE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 3

A period of transition toward progressive legalism of the juvenile justice system occurred in the latter part of the 18th century through the 19th century.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which court case abolished the sentence of life without parole for a juvenile offender convicted of a non-homicide offense?

Accepted Answer

A)   In re Gault
B)   Roper v. Simmons
C)   Graham v. Florida
D)   Miller v. AlabamaE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Discuss current and future reforms within the juvenile justice system.

Accepted Answer

A discussion of what is curren...

Question 6

Approximately 2,000 years ago, both Roman civil law and later canon (church) law made distinctions between juveniles and adults based on the notion of age of responsibility.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

While severe punishments for juvenile offenders gained popularity in the 1980s and 1990s, the Supreme Court ruled that juveniles could not receive which penalties?

Accepted Answer

A)   death penalty
B)   life in prison with parole
C)   life in prison without parole
D)   both death penalty and live in prison without paroleE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 8

The casework approach to juvenile justice is soundly unconstitutional.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

For a number of years, the trend was to hold younger and younger juveniles accountable for their offenses, to exclude certain offenses from the jurisdiction of the juvenile court, and to establish mandatory or automatic waiver provisions for certain offenses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The discrepancy between the ideal (theory) and practice (reality) within the juvenile justice system remains considerable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A child might be adjudicated delinquent but ordered to participate in psychological counseling. This is an example of the ______ approach applied through a ______ framework.

Accepted Answer

A)   formal, therapeutic
B)   therapeutic, informal
C)   official, informal
D)   casework, constitutionalE) A) and C)
F) B) and C) D

Question 12

Discuss and analyze the discrepancies between the ideal juvenile justice system and the real juvenile justice system.

Accepted Answer

A brief description and discus...

Question 13

Which court decision made it clear that the legalists were on firm ground, but it did not deny the legitimacy of the casework approach?

Accepted Answer

A)   In re Gault
B)   Roper v. Simmons
C)   Graham v. Florida
D)   Miller v. AlabamaE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 14

In deciding not to hear the Holmes case, the U.S. Supreme Court ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   reaffirmed the desirability of the juvenile court's informal procedures
B)   confirmed that constitutional rights afforded to accused adults apply to juveniles
C)   stated that the threshold for hearing juvenile cases was not met in this case
D)   imposed formal procedures on the juvenile justice systemE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Which movement in juvenile justice consisted of philanthropists, reformers, and professionals who exhibited a legitimate concern for juveniles and established the first juvenile court which stressed the importance of rehabilitation and treatment through education and training?

Accepted Answer

A)   houses of refuge
B)   reform schools
C)   institutionalization
D)   child-saversE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

The perceived increase in the number of ______ offenses perpetrated by juveniles led many to ponder whether the juvenile court, originally established to protect and treat juveniles, is adequate to the task of dealing with modern-day offenders.

Accepted Answer

A)   property
B)   violent
C)   cyber crime
D)   drugE) None of the above
F) C) and D) B

Question 17

Under the concept of ______, institutional custodians acted as parental substitutes with far-reaching powers over their charges.

Accepted Answer

A)   mens rea
B)   in loco parentis
C)   actus reus
D)   parens patriaeE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Which approach to juvenile justice is focused on a more formal, official, and constitutional handling of juvenile offenders?

Accepted Answer

A)   therapeutic
B)   casework
C)   in loco parentis
D)   legalisticE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 19

The juvenile justice system is not considered static; laws dealing with juveniles change with changing ______ climates.

Accepted Answer

A)   social
B)   political
C)   economic
D)   judicialE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 20

Status offenders are still considered delinquents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Exam 1: Juvenile Justice in Historical Perspective

The Supreme Court ruled in 2012 that a mandatory life sentence without parole violates the 8th amendment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Roman civil law and canon law made distinctions between juveniles and adults based on the notion of ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A period of transition toward progressive legalism of the juvenile justice system occurred in the latter part of the 18th century through the 19th century.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which court case abolished the sentence of life without parole for a juvenile offender convicted of a non-homicide offense?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss current and future reforms within the juvenile justice system.

Correct AnswerverifiedA discussion of what is curren...View AnswerShow Answer

Approximately 2,000 years ago, both Roman civil law and later canon (church) law made distinctions between juveniles and adults based on the notion of age of responsibility.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

While severe punishments for juvenile offenders gained popularity in the 1980s and 1990s, the Supreme Court ruled that juveniles could not receive which penalties?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The casework approach to juvenile justice is soundly unconstitutional.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For a number of years, the trend was to hold younger and younger juveniles accountable for their offenses, to exclude certain offenses from the jurisdiction of the juvenile court, and to establish mandatory or automatic waiver provisions for certain offenses.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The discrepancy between the ideal (theory) and practice (reality) within the juvenile justice system remains considerable.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A child might be adjudicated delinquent but ordered to participate in psychological counseling. This is an example of the ______ approach applied through a ______ framework.

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Discuss and analyze the discrepancies between the ideal juvenile justice system and the real juvenile justice system.

Correct AnswerverifiedA brief description and discus...View AnswerShow Answer

Which court decision made it clear that the legalists were on firm ground, but it did not deny the legitimacy of the casework approach?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In deciding not to hear the Holmes case, the U.S. Supreme Court ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which movement in juvenile justice consisted of philanthropists, reformers, and professionals who exhibited a legitimate concern for juveniles and established the first juvenile court which stressed the importance of rehabilitation and treatment through education and training?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The perceived increase in the number of ______ offenses perpetrated by juveniles led many to ponder whether the juvenile court, originally established to protect and treat juveniles, is adequate to the task of dealing with modern-day offenders.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Under the concept of ______, institutional custodians acted as parental substitutes with far-reaching powers over their charges.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which approach to juvenile justice is focused on a more formal, official, and constitutional handling of juvenile offenders?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The juvenile justice system is not considered static; laws dealing with juveniles change with changing ______ climates.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Status offenders are still considered delinquents.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

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A discussion of what is curren...
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A child might be adjudicated delinquent but ordered to participate in psychological counseling. This is an example of the approach applied through a framework.

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D

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A brief description and discus...
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B

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False