Question 1

Kepler's third law relates the square of the planet's orbital period in years to the cube of its average distance from the Sun in astronomical units.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Tycho Brahe's contribution to Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion were

Accepted Answer

A)   his observations of Jupiter's moons.
B)   a precise lunar calendar.
C)   his detailed and accurate observations of the planets' positions.
D)   a mathematical explanation of epicycles.
E)   the correct explanation of lunar phases.F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 3

Among Galileo's discoveries with his telescope were sunspots.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The time for a planet to revolve around the Sun is its _.

Accepted Answer

orbital period or year

Question 5

Which of these observations of Galileo refuted Ptolemy's epicycles?

Accepted Answer

A)   the rotation of sunspots across the Sun's surface
B)   the complete cycle of Venus' phases
C)   the craters on the Moon
D)   the revolution of Jupiter's moons around it
E)   the visibility of many more stars with the telescopeF) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 6

Kepler relied heavily on the telescopic observations of Galileo in developing his laws of planetary motion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

While the Copernican model was simpler than Ptolemy's, it was no more accurate in predicting planetary behavior at first. How did Kepler improve it?

Accepted Answer

Like Ptolemy, Copernicus believed all orbits to be perfectly circular; Kepler's ellipses, combined with the heliocentric model, made planetary motion much more predictable.

Question 8

What did Galileo discover through his telescope when he looked at Jupiter, and how did it refute the Ptolemaic model?

Accepted Answer

That Jupiter had four moons in...

Question 9

According to Newton's first law, if a body is moving in the absence of any net external force, describe the continuing motion of the object.

Accepted Answer

in a strai...

Question 10

A fatal flaw with Ptolemy's model is its inability to predict the observed phases of

Accepted Answer

A)   Mercury and Venus.
B)   the Sun during an eclipse.
C)   Jupiter and Saturn.
D)   Mars and Jupiter.
E)   the Moon in its monthly cycle.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

While both Ptolemy and Copernicus assumed all orbits were _, Kepler's first law corrected this and made planetary motion predictable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of While both Ptolemy and Copernicus assumed all...

Question 12

According to Copernicus, retrograde motion occurs at opposition for the outer planets.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Copernicus believed the Earth was the center of all celestial motion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In Ptolemy's geocentric model, the planet's motion along its deferent is all that is needed to understand retrograde motion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

When Earth overtakes Mars, the outer planet retrogrades near .

Accepted Answer

The answer of When Earth overtakes Mars, the outer planet...

Question 16

Kepler found the orbits of planets are ellipses, not circles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 17

What did Galileo discover when looking at the Sun with his telescope, and how did this support Copernicus?

Accepted Answer

Sunspots, which rotated across...

Question 18

The mean distance between the Earth and Sun is called

Accepted Answer

A)   the parsec.
B)   the light-year.
C)   the megameter.
D)   the Kepler.
E)   the astronomical unit.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 19

According to Copernicus, retrograde motion for Venus must occur around

Accepted Answer

A)   greatest elongation, when the planet is farthest from the Sun.
B)   inferior conjunction, when it passes between us and the Sun.
C)   opposition, when the planet lies opposite the Sun in the sky.
D)   quadrature, when the planet is 90 degrees away from the Sun.
E)   superior conjunction, when the planet is on the far side of the Sun.F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 20

If the distance between two asteroids is doubled, the gravitational force they exert on each other will

Accepted Answer

A)   be four times greater.
B)   be one- fourth as great.
C)   also be doubled.
D)   be 1/16 as great.
E)   be one- half as great.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Exam 2: The Copernican Revolution: the Birth of Modern Science

Kepler's third law relates the square of the planet's orbital period in years to the cube of its average distance from the Sun in astronomical units.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tycho Brahe's contribution to Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion were

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Among Galileo's discoveries with his telescope were sunspots.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The time for a planet to revolve around the Sun is its _.

Correct Answerverifiedorbital period or year

Which of these observations of Galileo refuted Ptolemy's epicycles?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kepler relied heavily on the telescopic observations of Galileo in developing his laws of planetary motion.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

While the Copernican model was simpler than Ptolemy's, it was no more accurate in predicting planetary behavior at first. How did Kepler improve it?

Correct AnswerverifiedLike Ptolemy, Copernicus believed all orbits to be perfectly circular; Kepler's ellipses, combined with the heliocentric model, made planetary motion much more predictable.

What did Galileo discover through his telescope when he looked at Jupiter, and how did it refute the Ptolemaic model?

Correct AnswerverifiedThat Jupiter had four moons in...View AnswerShow Answer

According to Newton's first law, if a body is moving in the absence of any net external force, describe the continuing motion of the object.

Correct Answerverifiedin a strai...View AnswerShow Answer

A fatal flaw with Ptolemy's model is its inability to predict the observed phases of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

While both Ptolemy and Copernicus assumed all orbits were _, Kepler's first law corrected this and made planetary motion predictable.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Copernicus, retrograde motion occurs at opposition for the outer planets.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Copernicus believed the Earth was the center of all celestial motion.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Ptolemy's geocentric model, the planet's motion along its deferent is all that is needed to understand retrograde motion.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Earth overtakes Mars, the outer planet retrogrades near .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kepler found the orbits of planets are ellipses, not circles.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

What did Galileo discover when looking at the Sun with his telescope, and how did this support Copernicus?

Correct AnswerverifiedSunspots, which rotated across...View AnswerShow Answer

The mean distance between the Earth and Sun is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Copernicus, retrograde motion for Venus must occur around

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the distance between two asteroids is doubled, the gravitational force they exert on each other will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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orbital period or year

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Like Ptolemy, Copernicus believed all orbits to be perfectly circular; Kepler's ellipses, combined with the heliocentric model, made planetary motion much more predictable.

Correct Answer
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That Jupiter had four moons in...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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in a strai...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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True

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Sunspots, which rotated across...
View Answer

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Correct Answer
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