Question 1

Select the incorrect association.

Accepted Answer

A)   adrenal medulla/vasopressin
B)   anterior pituitary/adenohypophysis
C)   epinephrine/catecholamine
D)   insulin/polypeptide
E)   posterior pituitary/neurohypophysisF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 2

Lipophilic hormones circulate in the blood largely bound to plasma proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Growth hormone promotes closure of the epiphyseal plate at adolescence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Complete each of the following statments.
____________________ are the bone cell types that form bones.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
____________________ are...

Question 5

Growth hormone

Accepted Answer

A)   closes the epiphyseal plate of long bones
B)   promotes hypertrophy and hyperplasia
C)   secretion is stimulated by an increased blood glucose level
D)   is the only factor responsible for governing the growth of an individual
E)   all of theseF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 6

Which of the following is a neurohormone?

Accepted Answer

A)   vasopressin
B)   thyroid hormone
C)   growth hormone
D)   cortisol
E)   luteinizing hormoneF) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 7

Hormone secretion from the anterior pituitary gland is controlled

Accepted Answer

A)   by hormones from the hypothalamus
B)   directly by neural innervation of anterior pituitary cells
C)   by negative-feedback action of target-tissue hormones
D)   by hormones from the hypothalamus and by negative-feedback action of target-tissue hormones
E)   none of theseF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Which class(es)  of hormones is not stored in the secretory cell after being synthesized?

Accepted Answer

A)   peptides
B)   catecholamines
C)   steroids
D)   thyroid hormone
E)   catecholamines and steroidsF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

In one kind of second-messenger system

Accepted Answer

A)   A small amount of one hormone (the second messenger)  is required to release another.
B)   A tropic hormone (the first messenger)  stimulates secretion of another hormone (the second messenger) .
C)   The hormone first binds to a specific surface receptor, whereupon the hormone-receptor complex moves into the cell to combine with a specific intracellular receptor.
D)   Releasing hormones (the first messenger)  from the hypothalamus regulate many anterior pituitary hormones (the second messenger) .
E)   A hormone (the first messenger)  binds to surface receptors activating adenylate cyclase, catalyzing cAMP formation.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 10

All hormones are first formed as precursors, and then are pruned into active hormones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In the process of negative feedback:

Accepted Answer

A)   TSH inhibits thyroid hormone secretion by the thyroid gland.
B)   Thyroid hormone inhibits TSH secretion by the anterior pituitary.
C)   Thyroid hormone directly inhibits further thyroid hormone secretion by the thyroid gland.
D)   TRH inhibits TSH secretion by the anterior pituitary.
E)   Thyroid hormone and TRH inhibit TSH secretion by the anterior pituitary.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 12

Negative-feedback control tends to maintain hormone levels at a relatively constant set point, whereas neuroendocrine reflexes usually produce a sudden increase in hormone secretion in response to a specific stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Hypophysiotropic hormones

Accepted Answer

A)   control the release of oxytocin and vasopressin from the posterior pituitary
B)   travel via neuron axons from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary
C)   are carried in the hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system
D)   are released upon positive-feedback stimulation via the anterior pituitary tropic hormones
E)   always act to stimulate the release of anterior pituitary hormonesF) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 14

____ is the hypothalamic hormone that causes the anterior pituitary to release ____, thus, resulting in thyroid hormone release.

Accepted Answer

A)   Thyroid-releasing hormone; thyroid-stimulating hormone
B)   Thyroid stimulating hormone; thyrotropin-releasing hormone
C)   Thyrotropin-releasing hormone; thyroid-stimulating hormone
D)   Thyroid hormone; thyrotropin-releasing hormone
E)   Thyrotropin-releasing hormone; thyroid hormoneF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 15

Identify the gonadotropic hormone(s) .

Accepted Answer

A)   PRL
B)   FSH
C)   TSH
D)   all of these
E)   FSH and TSHF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

Amines

Accepted Answer

A)   consist of a chain of specific amino acids of varying length
B)   are derived from the amino acid tyrosine
C)   include the hormones secreted by the thyroid gland and adrenal medulla
D)   all of these
E)   are derived from the amino acid tyrosine and include the hormones secreted by the thyroid gland and adrenal medullaF) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 17

Insulin-like growth factors are produced in most tissues, but primarily in the liver.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Synergism occurs when:

Accepted Answer

A)   One hormone induces the loss of another hormone's receptors.
B)   The actions of several hormones are complementary, and their combined effect is greater than the sum of their separate effects.
C)   One hormone must be present in adequate amounts for the full exertion of another hormone's effect, even though the first hormone does not directly elicit the response.
D)   One hormone increases the number of target-tissue receptors for another hormone.
E)   The number of target tissue receptors for a hormone is reduced as a direct consequence of the hormone's effect on its own receptors.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

All hormones are synthesized by the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi complex system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Complete each of the following statments.
____________________ hormones consist of a chain of specific amino acids of varying length.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
____________________ hormones...

Exam 18: A--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

Select the incorrect association.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In one kind of second-messenger system

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Complete each of the following statments. ____________________ hormones consist of a chain of specific amino acids of varying length.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify the gonadotropic hormone(s) .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All hormones are first formed as precursors, and then are pruned into active hormones.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the process of negative feedback:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Growth hormone

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which class(es) of hormones is not stored in the secretory cell after being synthesized?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lipophilic hormones circulate in the blood largely bound to plasma proteins.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Negative-feedback control tends to maintain hormone levels at a relatively constant set point, whereas neuroendocrine reflexes usually produce a sudden increase in hormone secretion in response to a specific stimulus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

____ is the hypothalamic hormone that causes the anterior pituitary to release ____, thus, resulting in thyroid hormone release.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All hormones are synthesized by the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi complex system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hormone secretion from the anterior pituitary gland is controlled

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amines

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hypophysiotropic hormones

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Growth hormone promotes closure of the epiphyseal plate at adolescence.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a neurohormone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Insulin-like growth factors are produced in most tissues, but primarily in the liver.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Complete each of the following statments. ____________________ are the bone cell types that form bones.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Synergism occurs when:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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is the hypothalamic hormone that causes the anterior pituitary to release , thus, resulting in thyroid hormone release.

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